Fagan, T. J. W. Hastings, and D. Morse. 1998. The phylogeny of glycoeraldehyde-3-phosophate dehydrogenase indicates lateral gene transfer from cyptomonads to dinoflagellates. Journal of Molecular Evolution. pp. 47:633-639.  

Fagerbakke, K.M., M. Heldeal, and S. Norland. 1996. Content of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorous in native aquatic and cultured bacteria. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 10:15-27.

Fahrni, J.F., I. Bolivar, C. Berney, E. Nassonova, A. Smirnov, and J. Pawlowski. 2003. Phylogeny of lobose amoebae based on actin and small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 20:1881-1886.[C]

Faigl, W, R Hallinger, V Quodt, H Saedler, and T Münster. 2004. [Abstract] MADS-box gene networking in Physcomitrella: analysis of the protein interactions, p. 7: In R. Reski (org.), Abstract Book: Moss 2004, The 7th Annual Moss International Conference. Plant Biotechnology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Faliski, J. B. 2004. Polytrichum piliferum as a pioneer species in the secondary succession and post-fire regeneration of vegetation on abandoned farmland: Braun-Blanquetia. 34 207–230.

Falkowski, P. G. and J. LaRoche. 1991. Molecular biology in studies of ocean processes. Int. Rev. Cytol. 128:261-303.

Farmer, M. 2003. Revised Classification of the protists. Symposium Presentation: Meeting, Society of Prostozoologists,  Gleneden Beach, Oregon, June 14–19, 2003.

Fast, N.M. and P.J. Keeling. 2001. Alpha and beta subunits of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 from the microsporidian Nosema locustae mitochondrion-derived carbon metabolism in microsporidia. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology. 117(2):201-209. [C]

Fast, N. M., J. C. Kissinger, D. S. Roos , and P. J. Keeling. 2001. Nuclear encoded, plastid-targeted genes suggest a single common origin for anpicomplexan and dinoflagellates. Journal of Molecular Evolution. 18:418-426. 

Fast, N.M., J.M. Logsdon Jr., and W.F. Doolittle. 1999. Phylogenetic analysis of the TATA box binding protein (TBP) gene from Nosema locustae: evidence for a Microsporidia-Fungi relationship and spliceosomal intron loss. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 16(10):1415-1419. [C]

Fast, N.M., L. Xue, S. Bingham, and P.J. Keeling. 2002. Re-examining alveolate evolution using multiple protein molecular phylogenies. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 49:30-38. [L]

Faubert, J. 2004, Chronique bryologique: Flora Quebeca. 9 (1):11–12.

Fauré-Fremiet, E. 1967. Chemical aspects of ecology. Chapt 2, pp 21-54 in: Kidder, G.W., ed., Protozoa, Volume I of: Florkin, M. and Scheer, B.T. eds, Chemical Zoology, Academic Press, New York .

Febvre, J. 1990. Acantharia. In: Margulis, L.,  J.O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, and D.J. Chapman, eds. 1990. Handbook of the Protoctista; the structure, cultivation, habits and life histories of the eukaryotic microorganisms and their descendants exclusive of animals, plants and fungi. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Boston. pp. 363-379. [L]

Febvre-Chevalier, C. 1985. Class Heliozoea. In: Lee, J.J., S.H. Hunter, and E. C. Bovee, eds. An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. Allen Press. Lawrence , Kansas . pp. 302-317. [L]

Febvre-Chevalier, C. 1990. Heliozoa. In: Margulis, L.,  J.O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, and D.J. Chapman, eds. 1990. Handbook of the Protoctista; the structure, cultivation, habits and life histories of the eukaryotic microorganisms and their descendants exclusive of animals, plants and fungi. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Boston. pp. 347-362. [L]

Fedorov, A. and H. Hartman. 2004. What does the Microsporidian E. cuniculi tell us about the origin of the eukaryotic cell? Journal of Molecular Evolution. 59:695-702. [C]

Feest, A. 1987, The quantitative ecology of soil mycetozoa: Prog. Protistol. 2 331–361. 

Feild, T.S. and N.C. Arens. 2005. Tansley Review: Form, function and environments of the early angiosperms: merging extant phylogeny and ecophysiology with fossils. New Phytologist 166:383-408. [C]

Feild, T. S., M. A. Zweiniecki, T. Brodribb, T. Jaffre, M. J. Donoghue, and N. M. Holbrook. 2000. Structure and function of tracheary elements in Amborella trichopoda. International Journal of Plant Sciences 161:705-712.

Feldberg, K, H Groth, R Wilson, and J Heinrichs. 2004, [Abstract] Cryptic speciation in Herbertus (Herbertaceae, Jungermanniopsida): Range and morphology of Herbertus sendtneri inferred from nrITS sequences, p. 21: In S. R. Gradstein, J. Heinrichs & R. Wilson (orgs.), Bryophylogeny 2004. 10–12 September. Second International Symposium on Molecular Systematics of Bryophytes. Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.

Feldmann J. 1952 Les cycles de reproduction des Algues et leurs rapports avec la phylogénie. Revue de Cytologie et de Biologie Végétale 13: 1-1

Fenchel, T. and B.J. Finlay. 1983. Respiration rates in heterotrophic, free-living protozoa. Microb. Ecol. 9:99-122.

Fenchel, T. and B. J. Finlay. 1991. The biology of free-living anaerobic ciliates. Eur. J. Protistol. 26:201-215.  

Fenchel, T., and B. J. Finlay. 1995, Ecology and evolution in anoxic worlds: Oxford University Press, Oxford .

Fenchel, T. and R. J. Riedel. 1970. The sulfide system: a new biotic community underneath the oxidized layer of marine sand bottoms. Mar. Biol. 7:255-268.

Feng, D.-F., G. Cho, and R.F. Doolittle. 1997. Determining divergence times with a protein clock: update and reevaluation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 94:13028-13033. [L] [C]

Fensome,R.A., F.J.R. Taylor, G. Norris, W.A.S. Sarjeant, D.I. Wharton, and G.L. Williams, eds. 1993. A classification of living and fossil dinoflagellates. Micropaleontology. Special Publication Number 7: 1-351. [C]

Fensome, R.A., J.F. Saldarriaga, and F.J.R. Taylor. 1999. Dinoflagellatephylogeny revisited: reconciling morphological and molecular-based phylogenies. Grana. 38:66-80.

Ferguson, R. L., E. N. Buckley, and A. V. Palumbo. 1984. Response of marine bacterioplankton to differential filtration and confinement. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 47:49-55.

Fernald, M.L. 1970. Gray's manual of botany. 8th (Centennial) Edition. D. Van Nostrand Company. New York. [C,L]

Fernandez-Leborans, G., and M. L. Tato-Porto. 2000, A review of the species of protozoan epibionts on crustaceans. I. Peritrich ciliates: Crustaceana. 73 643–683.

Ferrario, M., D.U. Hernandez-Becerril, and I. Garibotti. 2004. Morphological study of the marine planktonic diatom Chaetoceros castracanei Karsten (Bacillariophyceae) from Antarctic waters, with a discussion on its possible taxonomic relationships. Botanica Marina. 47:349-355. [C]

Ferrier, D. E. K. and P. W. H. Holland. 2001. Ancient origin of the hox gene cluster. Nature Reviews Genetics. 2: 33-38.

Filin, V. R. 2002, Sporofit plaunovidnykh i pobeg mokhoobraznykh–sluchainoe skhodstvo ili proyablenie gomeozica?, pp. 62–63: In A. D. Potemkin (ed.), Problemy Briologii na Rubezhe Vekov. Russian Academy of Sciences, V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia. 

Finka, A, D Schaefer, and J.-P Zÿrd. 2004, [Abstract] Heat-shock inducible promoter allows efficient GFP-talin labeling of the actin cytoskeleton in Physcomitrella patens, p. 51: In R. Reski (org.), Abstract Book: Moss 2004, The 7th Annual Moss International Conference. Plant Biotechnology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Finlay, B. J. 2001, Protozoa: In: encyclopedia of biodiversity. Academic Press. San Diego . 4:901–915.

Finlay, B. J. 2002, Global dispersal of free-living microbial eukaryote species: Science. 296 1061–1063. [L]

Finlay, B.J., E.B.  Monaghan, and S.C. Maberly. 2002. Hypothesis:  The Rate and Scale of Dispersal of Freshwater Diatom Species is a Function of their Global Abundance. Protist. 153:  261-273. [C]

Finlay, B. J., and G. F. Esteban. 1998, Freshwater protozoa: biodiversity and ecological function: Biodiv. Conserv. 7 1163–1186.  

Finlay, B. J., and G. F. Esteban. 2001, Exploring Leeuwenhoek's legacy: the abundance and diversity of protozoa: Int. Microbiol. 4 125–133. 

Finlay, B. J., and T. Fenchel. 1993, Methanogens and other bacteria as symbionts of free-living anaerobic ciliates: Symbiosis. 14 375–390. 

Finlay, B. J., G. F. Esteban, K. J. Clarke, and J. L. Olmo. 2001, Biodiversity of terrestrial protozoa appears homogeneous across local and global spatial scales: Protist. 152 355–366. 

Finlay, B. J., J. O. Corliss, G. F. Esteban, and T. Fenchel. 1996, Biodiversity at the microbial level: the number of free-living ciliates in the biosphere. Quart. Rev. Biol. 71 221–237.

Fisher, K. 2004, [Abstract] A phylogenetic monograph of the Syrrhopodon involutus Schwaeg complex. Botany 2004: Abstracts, Scientific Meeting, p. 36: Botanical Society of America, Snowbird, UT.

Fisher, K. 2004, [Abstract] Monography in a rank-free world: a practical example from the moss clade Leucophanella. Botany 2004: Abstracts, Scientific Meeting, p. 115: Botanical Society of America, Snowbird, UT. 

Fisher, K. M. 2004, [Abstract] Systematics and biogeography of Calymperaceae and the Syrrhopodon involutus complex, p. 22: In S. R. Gradstein, J. Heinrichs & R. Wilson (orgs.), Bryophylogeny 2004. 10–12 September. Second International Symposium on Molecular Systematics of Bryophytes. Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.

Flavin,, M., C.J. O'Kelly, T.A. Nerad, and G. Wilkinson. 2000. Colamonas cyrtodiopsis gen. n. sp., (Cercomonadida), an endocommensal mycophagous heterotrophic flagellate with a doubled kinetid. Acta Protozool. 39:51-60.

Florides, G.A., Wrobel, L.C., Kalogirou, S.A., Tassou, S.A. 1998. A thermal model for reptiles and pelycosaurs. Journal of Thermal Biology. 24: 1-13[C]

Floyd, G.L. and C.J. O’Kelly. 1990. Ulvophyceae. In: Margulis, L., J.O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, and D.J. Chapman, eds. 1990. Handbook of the Protoctista; the structure, cultivation, habits and life histories of the eukaryotic microorganisms and their descendants exclusive of animals, plants and fungi. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Boston. pp. 617-635. [L]

Floyd, G.L. and C.J. O'Kelly. 1984. Motile cell ultrastructure and the circumscription of the orders Ulotrichales and Ulvales (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta). American Journal of Bototany. 71: 111-120. [L]

Floyd, G.L. and H.J. Hoops. 1980. Schizomeris leibleinii rRevisited: ultrastructure of the flagellar apparatus. Journal of Phycology. 16 (suppl.): 11. [L]

Floyd, G.L. and S. Watanabe. 1989. Comparative fine structure of the zoospores of nine species of Neochloris (Chlorophyceae). Journal of Phycology. 25 (suppl.): 4. [L]

Floyd, G.L., C.J. O'Kelly, and D.F. Chappell. 1985. Absolute configuration analysis of the flagellar apparatus in Cladophora and Chaetophora motile cells, with an assessment of the phylogenetic position of the  Cladophoraceae (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta). American Journal of Botany. 72: 615-625. [L]

Floyd, G.L., H.J. Hoops, and J.A. Swanson. 1980. Fine structure of the zoospore of Ulothrix belkae with emphasis on the  flagellar apparatus. Protoplasma. 104: 17-31.

Floyd, G.L., K.D. Stewart, and K.R. Mattox. 1972a. Comparative cytology of Ulothrix and Stigeoclonium. Journal of Phycology. 8: 68-81. [L]

Floyd, G.L., K.D. Stewart, and K.R. Mattox. 1972b. Cellular organization, mitosis, and cytokinesis in the ulotrichalean alga, Klebshormidium. Journal of Phycology. 8: 170-184. [L]

Floyd, S. K. and W. E. Friedman. 2000. Evolution of endosperm developmental patterns among basal flowering plants. International Journal of Plant Sciences 161:S57-S81.

Floyd, S. K. and W. E. Friedman. 2001. Developmental evolution of endosperm in basal angiosperms: evidence from Amborella (Amborellaceae), Nuphar (Nymphaeaceae), and Illicium (Illiciaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 228:153-169.

Fogg, G.E., W.D.P. Stewart, P. Fay, and A.E. Walsby. 1973. The Blue-Green Algae. Academic Press. New York . [L]

Foissner, W. 1987. Soil protozoa: fundamental problems, ecological significance, adaptations in ciliates and testaceans, bioindicators, and guide to the literature. Prog. Protistol. 2 69–212. 

Foissner, W. 1988, Gemeinsame Arten in der terricolen Ciliatenfauna (Protozoa: Ciliophora) von Australien und Afrika. Stapfia. 17 85–133.

Foissner, W. 1992a, Estimating the species richness of soil protozoa using the “non-flooded Petri dish method”: In: Lee, J. J. & Soldo, A. T. (ed.), Protocols in Protozoology. Society of Protozoologists, Lawrence , Kansas .

Foissner, W. 1992b, Diversity and ecology of soil flagellates: In: Patterson, D. J. & Larsen, J. (ed.), The Biology of Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates. Systematics Association Special Vol. No. 45, (year 1991). Clarendon Press, Oxford . p. 93–112.

Foissner, W. 1993, Colpodea (Ciliophora): Protozoenfauna. 4 1–798.

Foissner, W. 1994a, Morphology and morphogenesis of Circinella arenicola nov. gen., nov., spec., a cephalized hypotrich (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida) from sand dunes in Utah , USA : Europ. J. Protisol. 30 156–170.

Foissner, W. 1994b, Soil protozoa as bioindicators in ecosystems under human influence: In: Darbyshire, J. F. (ed.), Soil Protozoa. CAB International, Wallingford , UK . p. 147–193.

Foissner, W. 1994c, Die Ciliaten der astatischen Gewäser und des Bodens: In: Hausmann, K. & Kremer, B. P. (ed.), Extremophile: Mikroorganismen in ausgefallenen Lebensräumen. VCH, Weinheim , Germany . p. 195–208.

Foissner, W. 1995, Tropical protozoan diversity: 80 ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) in a soil sample from a tropical dry forest of Costa Rica , with descriptions of four new genera and seven new species: Arch. Protistenk. 145 37–79.

Foissner, W. 1996, Faunistics, taxonomy and ecology of moss and soil ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Antarctica , with description of new species, including Pleuroplitoides smithi gen. n., sp. n: Acta Protozool. 35 95–123. 

Foissner, W. 1997, Global soil ciliate (Protozoa, Ciliophora) diversity: a probability-based approach using large sample collections from Africa , Australia , and Antarctica : Biodiv. Conserv. 6 1627–1638. 

Foissner, W. 1998, An updated compilation of world soil ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora), with ecological notes, new records, and descriptions of new species: Eur. J. Protistol. 34 195–235. 

Foissner, W. 1999a, Notes on the soil ciliate biota (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from the Shimba Hills in Kenya ( Africa ): diversity and description of three new genera and ten new species: Biodiv. Conserv. 8 319–389. 

Foissner, W. 1999b, Soil protozoa as bioindicators: pros and cons, methods, diversity, representative examples: Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 74 95–112. 

Foissner, W. 2000a, A compilation of soil and moss ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Germany , with new records and descriptions of new and insufficiently known species: Europ. J. Protistol. 36 253–283. 

Foissner, W. 2000b, Notes on ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Espeletia trees and Espeletia soils of the Andean Páramo, with descriptions of Sikorops espeletiae nov. spec. and Fragmocirrus espeletiae nov. gen., nov. spec: Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. 35 52–79. 

Foissner, W. 2000c, Protist diversity: estimates of the near-imponderable: Protist. 150 (year 1999):. 363–368. 

Foissner, W., and H. Berger. 1996, A user-friendly guide to the ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) commonly used by hydrobiologists as bioindicators in rivers, lakes, and waste waters, with notes on their ecology: Freshwater Biol. 35 375–481. 

Foissner, W., H. Berger, and J. Schaumburg. 1999, Identification and ecology of limnetic plankton ciliates: Informationsberichte des Bayer. Landesamtes für Wasserwirtsch, Heft. 3 /99. 1–793. 

Foissner, W., H. Blatterer, and I. Foissner. 1988, The Hemimastigophora (Hemimastix amphikineta nov. gen., nov. spec.), a new protistan phylum from Gondwanian soils: Europ. J. Protistol. 23 361–383. 

Foissner, W., S. Agatha, and H. Berger. 2002, Soil ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Namibia ( Southwest Africa ), with emphasis on two contrasting environments, the Etosha Region and the Namib Desert : Denisia. 5 1–1459.

Foissner, W. 2006. Biogeography and dispersal of micro-organisms: a review emphasizing protists. Acta Protozoologica. 45:111-136. [C]

Forey, P. 1991. Blood lines of the coelacanth. Nature. 351:347-351. [C,L]

Forey, P.L. 1995. Agnathans recent and fossil, and the origin of jawed vertebrates. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. 5:267-303. [C]

Forrest, L. L, and B. J Crandall-Stotler. 2004, A phylogeny of the simple thalloid liverworts (Jungermanniopsida, Metzgeriidae) as inferred from five chloroplast genes: Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden. 98 119–140. 

Forrest, L. L, and B. J Crandall-Stotler. 2004, [Abstract] Molecular phylogeny of the Pallaviciniaceae Mig. (Metzgeriales Schljakov emend. Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., Marchantiophyta). Botany 2004: Abstracts, Scientific Meeting, p. 36: Botanical Society of America, Snowbird, UT.

Forrest, L. L, S Schuette, R. E Stotler, and B. J Crandall-Stotler. 2004, [Abstract] Molecular and morphological divergences in the simple thalloid liverwort Jensenia Lindb. (Pallaviciniaceae Mig., Marchantiophyta). Botany 2004: Abstracts, Scientific Meeting, p. 42: Botanical Society of America, Snowbird, UT.

Forterre, P. 2001. Genomics and early cellular evolution. The origin of the DNA world. Comptes Rendus de l''Academie des Sciences Serie III-Sciences de la Vie. 324:1067-1076.

Forterre, P. and H. Philippe. 1999. Where is the root for the universal tree of life? BioEssays. 21:871-879.

Forterre, P. and H. Philippe. 1999. The last universal common ancestor (LUCA), simple or complex? The Biology Bulletin. 196:373-377. [C]

Foth, B. J., and G. I. McFadden. 2003. The apicoplast: a plastid in Plasmodium falciparum and other apicomplexan parasites. International Review of Cytology. pp. 224: 705-708.

Foth, B. J., S. A. Ralph, C. J. Tonkin, N. S. Struck, M. Farunholz. D. S. Roos, A. F. Cowman, and G. I. McFadden. 2003. Dissecting apicoplast target in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparium. Science. pp. 705-708. [L]

Fox, G. E., E. Stackebrandt, R. B. Hespell, J. Gibson, J. Maniloff, T. A. Dyer, R. S. Wolfe, W. E. Balch, R. S. Tanner, L. J. Magrum, L. B. Zablen, R. Blakemore, R. Gupta, L. Bonen, B. J. Lewis, D. A. Stahl, K. R. Luehrsen, K. N. Chen, and C. R. Woese. 1980. The phylogeny of prokaryotes. Science 209:457-463. [L]

Fox, G.E., L.J. Magrum, W.E. Balsch, R.S. Wolfe, and C.R. Woese. 1977. Classification of methanogenic bacteria by 16S ribosomal RNA characterization. Proceedings of the National  Academy of Science USA. 74: 4537-4541. [L]

Fox, S.W. and K. Dose. 1972. Molecular evolution and the origin of life. W.H. Freeman and Co. San Francisco . [C]

Frahm, J.-P. 2004, Ein vierter Fund des obligaten Schwermetallmooses Scopelophila cataractae in Deutschland: Bryologische Rundbriefe. 81 2–4. 

Frahm, J.-P. 2004, Recent developments of commercial products from bryophytes: THE BRYOLOGIST. 107 277–283. 

Francis, David. 1998. High Frequency Recombination During the Sexual Cycle of Dictyostelium discoideum. Genetics. 148:  1829-1832. [C,L]

Fraunholz, M. J., J. Wastl, S. Zauner, S. A. Rensising, M. M. Scherzinger, and U.-G. Maier. 1997. The evolution of cryptophytes. Plant Systematics and Evolution (Supplement). pp. 11:163-174.

Frederick, L. 1990. Myxomycota. In: Margulis, L., J.O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, and D.J. Chapman, eds. 1990. Handbook of the Protoctista; the structure, cultivation, habits and life histories of the eukaryotic microorganisms and their descendants exclusive of animals, plants and fungi. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Boston. pp. 467-483. [L]

Fredericq S. M. H. Hommersand 1989 Proposal of the Gracilariales ord. nov. (Rhodophyta) based on an analysis of the reproductive development of Gracilaria verrucosa. Journal of Phycology 25: 213-213. [L]

Fredslund, L., F. Ekelund, C.S. Jacobsen, and K. Johnsen. 2001. Development and application of a most-probable-number-PCR assay to quantify flagellate populations in soil samples. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 67(4): 1613-1618. [C]

French, W. F., and P. E. Hargraves. 1985. Spore Formation in the Life Cycles of the Diatoms Chaetoceros Diadema and Leptocylindrus Danicus. Journal of Phycology. 21:477-483. [C]

Freshwater D. W., S. Fredericq , B. S. Butler, M. H. Hommersand, and M. W. Chase. 1994. A gene phylogeny of the red algae (Rhodophyta) based on plastid rbcL. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. 91: 7281-7281. [C,L]

Fresnel, J. and I. Probert. 2005. The ultrastructure and lifecycle of the coastal coccolithophorid Ochrosphaera neapolitana (Prymnesiophyceae). European Journal of Phycology. 40:105-122.

Frey, W. and M. Stech. 2005. A morpho-molecular classification of the Anthocerotophyta (hornworts). Nova Hedwigia. 80 (3-4): 541-545. [C]

Friedl, T. 1995. Inferring taxonomic positions and testing genus level assignments in coccoid green lichen algae: a phylogenetic analysis of 18S ribosomal RNA sequences from Dictyochloropsis reticulata and from members of the genus Myrmecia (Chlorophyta, Trebouxiophyceae Cl. Nov.). Journal of Phycology. 31:632-639. [L]

Friedman, M. and M. L. Coates. 2006. A newly recognized fossil coelacanth highlights the early morphological diversification of the clade. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 273: 245-246.

Friedman, W. E. 1990a. Double fertilization in Ephedra, a nonflowering seed plant: its bearing on the origin of angiosperms. Science 247:951-954. [L]

Friedman, W. E. 1990b. Sexual reproduction in Ephedra nevadensis (Ephedraceae): further evidence of double fertilization in a nonflowering seed plant. American Journal of Botany. 77:1582-1598. [L]

Friedman, W. E. 1992. Evidence of a pre-angiosperm origin of endosperm: implications for the evolution of flowering plants. Science 225:336-339. [L]

Friedman, W.E., R. C. Moore, and M. D. Purugganan. 2004. The evolution of plant development. American Journal of Botany 91: 1726-1741. [C]

Friedman, W. E. 1994. The evolution of embryogeny in seed plants and the developmenal origin and early history of endosperm. American Journal of Botany. 81:109:153-226. [L]

Friedman, W. E. and S. K. Floyd. 2001. Perspective: The origin of flowering plants and their reproductive biology - a tale of two phylogenies. Evolution 55:217-231.

Friedman, W.E., R.C. Moore, and M.D. Purugganan. 2004. The evolution of plant development. American Journal of Botany. 91(10): 1726-1741. [C,L]

Friis, E. M., K. R. Pedersen, and P. R. Crane. 2001. Fossil evidence of water lilies (Nymphaeales) in the early Cretaceous. Nature 410:357-360. [L]

Friis, E. M., W. G. Chaloner and P. R. Crane, eds. 1987. The origins of angiosperms and their biological consequences. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.

Fritsch F. E. 1945 The structure and reproduction of the algae, vol. 2. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

Fritz, L., and M. Nass. 1992. Development of the Endoparasitic Dinoflagellate Amoebophyrya Ceratii within host Dinoflagellate Species. Journal of Phycology. 28:  312-320. [C,L]

Fritz, L., D. M. Anderson, R. E. Triemer. 1989. Ultrastructural aspects of sexual reproduction in the Red Tide Dinoflagellate Gonxyaulax Tamarensis. Journal of Phycology. 25:  95-107 [C]

Frohlich, M.W., and D.S. Parker. 2000. Featured Paper. Systematic Botany. 25(2):  155-170. [C,L]

Fuchsman, C.A. and G. Rocap. 2006. Whole genome reciprocal BLAST analysis reveals that Planctomycetes do not share an unusually large number of genes with Eukarya and Archaea. Applied and Environmental Micrbiology. 72(10):6841-6844. [C]

Fujiwara, S., M. Tsuzuki, M. Kawachi, N. Minaka, and I. Inouye. 2001. Molecular phylogeny of the Haptophyta based the rbcL gene and sequence variation in the spacer region of the rubisco operon. Journal of Phycology. 37:121-129. [C,L]

Fulgosi, H., J. Soll, M. Inaba-Sulpice. 2004. Protein translocation machinery in chloroplasts and mitochondria: structure, function and evolution. In: Hirt, R.P. and D.S. Horner. Organelles, Genomes and Eukaryote Phylogeny, An Evolutionary Synthesis in the Age of Genomics. CRC Press. New York. pp.259-288. [L]

Fuller, M.S. 1990. Hyphochytridiomycota. In: Margulis, L., J.O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, and D.J. Chapman, eds. 1990. Handbook of the Protoctista; the structure, cultivation, habits and life histories of the eukaryotic microorganisms and their descendants exclusive of animals, plants and fungi. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Boston. pp. 380-387. [L]

Furuki, T. 2004, [Abstract] Taxonomic studies of Riccardia elata (Steph.) Schiffn. and its related species in Southeast Asia, p. 44: In K. Iwatsuki (org.), International Symposium 2004: Asian Plant Diversity and Systematics. National Museum of Japanese History, Sakura, Japan.

Funch, P. and R.M. Kristensen. 1995: Cycliophora is a new phylum with affinities to Endoprocta and Ectoprocta. Nature. 378: 711-714. [L]

Funes, S., E. Davidson, A. Reyes-Prieto, S. Magallon, P. Herion, M.P. King, and D. Gonzalez-Halphen. 2002. A green algal apicoplast ancestor. Science. 298: 2155. [L]

Fuselier, L. 2004, [Abstract] Sex-specific and environment-dependent selection influence sexual dimorphism and the distribution of sexes of a thalloid liverwort. Botany 2004: Abstracts, Scientific Meeting, pp. 22–23: Botanical Society of America, Snowbird, UT.

Fuselier, L, and D. N McLetchie. 2004, Microhabitat and sex distribution in Marchantia inflexa, a dioicous liverwort: THE BRYOLOGIST. 107 345–356. 

Fuselier, L, and L Stark. 2004, [Abstract] Sexual dimorphism in bryophytes: patterns and consequences. Botany 2004: Abstracts, Scientific Meeting, p. 22: Botanical Society of America, Snowbird, UT.

This page is maintained by Jack R. Holt.  Last revised: 04/21/2008.